There are various methods for making felt and the two most popular are needle-felting and wet-felting. Wet-Felting uses hot water to open the wool fiber, which looks a bit like a long pine-cone if seen through a microscope. The wool is then agitated, rolled or rubbed until it becomes densely tangled on itself ("felting"), at which point, it is rinsed and thrown ("fulling"), to make the fiber contract and to thicken the fabric. Felt is a durable material that is naturally stain-repellant and easy to maintain.
"Nuno" felting is a recent term that describes the process of felting wool through woven materials, usually a porous silk such as gauze or chiffon. This allows for different painterly and sculptural effects and creates a lighter overall scarf than traditional all-wool felt.